Having received correspondence from Thornton through his other son, George, Samuel offers his thanks and discusses family business, in particular, his concern over his daughter Jerusha. He turns the discussion to monetary affairs and informs Thornton that George did not send as much as he had promised. Samuel still needs more money.
Samuel Kirkland tells his son that his brothers are setting out that morning to visit Thornton and his sister Jerusha. He mentions that George is seeking monetary success. Apparently Thornton was displeased with a joint venture with his brother George on 200 acres, and Samuel apologizes saying that 50 acres at the Southwest corner will allow him to accommodate the Academy, leaving the rest. Samuel also speaks about the quantities of materials and money required by the Academy and his own lack of finances.
Kirkland 137a Letter from Samuel Kirkland to President Willard Stockbridge 7th June 1791 Reverend Sir, A multiplicity of Business in the Indian country, arising from a variety of causes, together with the pleasing expectation I had long indulged of a personal interview this spring, has occasioned my neglect of writing you: - and particularly to acknowledge the honor you have conferred upon me in admitting me a member of the Academy of Arts and Sciences of which the late Honorable Mr. Bowdoin was Show moreKirkland 137a Letter from Samuel Kirkland to President Willard Stockbridge 7th June 1791 Reverend Sir, A multiplicity of Business in the Indian country, arising from a variety of causes, together with the pleasing expectation I had long indulged of a personal interview this spring, has occasioned my neglect of writing you: - and particularly to acknowledge the honor you have conferred upon me in admitting me a member of the Academy of Arts and Sciences of which the late Honorable Mr. Bowdoin was President. You will please to accept of my unfeigned thanks for the respect you have therein showed me. I shall feel myself happy, if it may be in my power to contribute anything to that useful and important Institution. I have nearly completed a pretty accurate census of the six Nations of Indians, with their dependents and allies. The great disproportion of men and children to the women among them compared with that of the white Americans, will afford amusement to the inquisitive, and perhaps be a subject of inquiry as to the cause of the difference by the Philosopher. Should I be able to finish it the ensuing season I shall transmit a copy either to the President or Professor Pearsons . The grounds of uneasiness among the Miamis, and hostile state of things in that vicinity, has very much agitated the minds of the Indians in general. They say, the war, on their part ought to be made a common cause. This idea, with great plausibility, is industriously propagated among them, and not without some success. The Americans, say they, did the same in the beginning of the late war with Great Britain: - It was not, said the Americans, the sum of the tax, but the manner of levying it, which would affect posterity. This aroused and united the former. The Indians now say, 'Tis not the quantity of land, but the manner in which Congress would take possession of it, Viz Conquest, which will affect posterity. Therefore, prosecuting the war, will inevitably tend to unite the Indians, more than to divide and destroy them. I have lately received by two Indian runners, a long letter from from the noted Captain Brant of Grand River. Among other things, he says that in his opinion an accommodation, is practicable, and endeavors to point out the means, by which it may be effected. He writes in high terms, as may well be expected, while his situation exposes him to British influence. I may remark this to you, in confidence, that measures have been devised and pursued for more than ten months, to prevail on Brant to make a visit to Congress you will naturally suppose for human, and good political purposes. - he has agreed on the proposed visit, and appointed the time - I waited near two weeks in expectation of meeting him at Oneida, before I left that country, as I had promised to conduct him safe down so far as Albany. On my way, to Stockbridge, was informed, I might expect to see him in Albany this week; for which purpose, and to fulfill my engagements, I must set out tomorrow for that place. The political and temporal concerns of the Indians, partly owing to the unhappy divisions among them, have occupied more than one third part of my time this year past, and at some seasons almost worn me out. But through divine goodness, I have been, for the most part, blessed with unusual health - equal to the uncommon hardships which have fallen to my lot. - The School at Oneida and in one other village, has been for a considerable part of the time, in a very flourishing state, some of the Indians have made great proficiency, especially in reading and writing their own language. Whether the Honorable Corporation, or Board, will pay the expense of the School, I am not certain; as I cannot recollect, which of them agreed to have me set up the School, upon my representation of the urgency of the case. Dr. Wigglesworth told me there was money sufficient to defray the expense. I have charged it to the Corporation, upon their former vote or resolve. Permit me, Sir, to mention the condition of Good Peter, he has become old, unable to work hard; -- and for a great part of the time the year past, has been taken up in public concerns: and in catechizing. It is now more than two years since he has had no help, agreeably to a former vote, except what little assistance I have been able to afford him. Should the Honorable Corporation see fit to send him a small token of their love, it would now be peculiarly acceptable, as he has had much sickness in his family the late winter. For my own part I have expended considerably more, than my salary the year past, and have no way to extricate myself, but by disposing of my property to a great disadvantage and to the injury of my orphan family - A few days are wanting to to complete the last quarter of my annual allowance, from the Corporation, for which I have now drawn on their treasurer. I hope, it will be in his power to answer the whole of the order, as my necessities are pressing. My great distance renders it difficult to draw my Bills seasonably. - Shall be always happy to hear of your welfare and that of your family. I am Reverend Sir, with sentiments of high respect and sincere esteem, - Your most obedient humble Servant. Samuel Kirkland Reverend President Willard [Bottom of page 3 not yet transcribed.] [Page 4 not yet ranscribed.] Show less
Thanks the SSPCK and the LBCB for 55 pounds given to him to relieve his "embarrassments". Discusses his late mission to the Five Nations and the subsequent trip to Philadelphia.
Kirkland 132b Letter from Samuel Kirkland to Reverend Mr. Thacher . Stockbridge January 14, 1791. Reverend and Dear Sir, I have now to acknowledge your favors of the 8th and 30th of October last. They were sometime detained in Stockbridge, as my family were in expectation of my coming down from Oneida sooner than it was convenient for me to leave the Indian country, that I did not receive them till about four weeks ago. Their contents shall be duly attended to, so soon as my situation will admit Show moreKirkland 132b Letter from Samuel Kirkland to Reverend Mr. Thacher . Stockbridge January 14, 1791. Reverend and Dear Sir, I have now to acknowledge your favors of the 8th and 30th of October last. They were sometime detained in Stockbridge, as my family were in expectation of my coming down from Oneida sooner than it was convenient for me to leave the Indian country, that I did not receive them till about four weeks ago. Their contents shall be duly attended to, so soon as my situation will admit. Permit me, Sir, to acquaint you, that I am just now returned from a tour to Philadelphia, where I was unexpectedly desired to meet a number of the Seneca Chiefs, who were at Philadelphia on business of importance with Congress; and partly on account of the disturbed and hostile situation of the Indians in the vicinity of the Miamis. I expect to set out early tomorrow morning for Oneida. -- You inform me that the Society in Scotland have determined to erect to schools in the Indian country. I congratulate the Honorable Board on this additional fruit of their extensively benevolent institution, which embraces objects of charity and the cause of religion and humanity, at so great a distance as the wilds of America. It will gladden the hearts of many of the poor Indians. May their pious care and liberal benefactions be productive of the most desirable effects, and they hereafter meet a divine reward. I am apprehensive, however, you will meet with some difficulty in finding persons, who are qualified for the business of teaching them and will cheerfully undertake it. I can as yet get sight of no one, who has the necessary and desirable qualifications for the difficult and self-denying employment, and is willing to make the absolutely unavoidable sacrifices. And should no one be procured by the ensuing summer, the expectations of the Senecas would be greatly disappointed, and the cause thereby injured, which you will readily conceive from the representation I gave of the state and disposition of that nation in my last year's journal--since which I have had many long conversations with some of that nation upon that subject.-- I shall write the Honorable Board more particularly and largely upon this head, when I have had an interview with Mr. Sergeant , with whom they desire me to consult on the subject of their letter. In the meantime it might be well to know of Mr. Crosby (whom I mentioned in my journal) if his usual state of health and bodily firmness be equal to the business, and if he would engage for life. his integrity and piety are undoubted. He would be very useful to the Indian Settlements on the West side of the Genesee River; river; which consist of seven small villages and contain in the whole about one thousand and eighty souls. In your favor of the 6. November I have the grateful information that the Society have authorized the Commissioners to make me a consideration for my uncommon expenditures among the Indians, during the famine in the year eighty nine: and you request me to exhibit to the Board an account of those extra expenditures, so that they may compensate me and if the account be reasonable, they will without doubt allow it". I am sorry it is not now in my power to produce a particular and minute account of those expenditures--as it might probably contribute to the more general satisfaction of the Honorable Board in their result upon the subject. Some of the memorandums I had taken were not reserved after I had made the estimation referred to and mentioned in my Journal, which was to the amount of one hundred and sixty dollars. At that time I was furnished with the means of making a pretty accurate statement of those extra and uncommon expenditures. All I can now say further upon the subject is that I then endeavoured to make a just but moderate account of those expenses, and what at that time would have made me good, or been considered as a bare reimbursement. And were the disadvantages I was subjected to in consequence of it, and the injury I sustained in my own interest to be considered, the sum I then stated would now be quite inadequate. But I do not wish, it would be most unreasonable in me to expect, that the Society should make up all the losses I am liable to meet with in the course of my mission. The famine, which so generally prevailed among all the Indians at that time was uncommon and distressing. No pecuniary consideration could induce me to be even a spectator of another such scene. I pray God, I may never be subjected to it. - I shall refer this compensation to the discretion and justice of the Commissioners and contentedly abide their judgement. I would not wish to have it in better hands unless of those who were experimentally taught. And every principle of benevolence would forbid the feeblest wish that any of that Honorable body might pass through the scenes, which fell to my lot among the Indians the year before last. I will add one word more; if it were a real charge or demand upon the principles of equity, I believe I could not with any justice to myself set it lower than I did. - I have distributed for the relief of the distressed, and in some instances for the encouragement encouragement of husbandry among them the year past about one half that sum. And I did it voluntarily and cheerfully, and without any expectation of an after consideration. I received a compensation from some gentlemen in the State of New York for some extra services rendered there not immediately connected with the duties of my mission nor interfering with them, which furnished me with the means of affording them this comfort and help. I trust a mere existence on personal subsistence is not my object in living among the Indians. I must see their good and happiness promoted, or my enjoyments are diminished and my happiness interrupted. Whenever I have received a charity myself or any consideration for any extra service, I have always considered myself as under peculiar obligations to do as much the more for the Indians; and the poor/emphatically they have always among them. I am confident however the Commissioners will consider my situation with that candour, tenderness and wisdom, with which their treatment of me has been distinguished. - The charge of a motherless family lies heavy upon me; and my long connection with the Indians and situation in their country exposes me to more expense than a stranger would be. There are six small villages in the neighborhood of Oneida ( all of which I visit and occasionally preach to) and there is not a one, which will not apply to me in cases of difficulty and distress - they have been more or less always accustomed to it. I have borne and must still continue to bear the burden and heat of the day. - I have been enabled through a kind providence to complete the Collegiate education of one Son and the other is now in his third year at College. My orphan family, while they reside at Stockbridge ( and without a head must necessarily be very chargeable. I have been with them but little more than two months for more than 2 years. These things I mention not by way of complaint, but as reasons for my being embarrassed. Whatever be, the reason, whether I have conducted unwisely or wickedly; I am, by some individuals grossly it may enviously and wickedly misrepresented, as to property circumstances and views. My outgoings have been so great, with the disadvantages under which I am obliged to support my family (altogether by hire and at the distance of 150 miles from my place of general residence, that I have sunk in my interest within two years more than 150 pounds including those extra expenditures among the Indians during the famine. I am sensible that my situation in the wilderness and influence with the Indians renders me an object of jealousy; but surely no person, who has but a small knowledge of what I suffered and have undergone for 26 years in the Indian country (unless of a very selfish and contracted mind) will grudge me or my children the small tract of wild land uncultivated which the Indians and the State of New York presented to both them and myself. If I may but have wisdom and grace to be faithful and be enabled to discharge the trust committed to me, so as to gratify my benevolent employers and meet the approbation of my God and Savior, all shall work together for good. - If any person, I am under great obligation to be thankful and humble, in regard to the extending of religious knowledge among the Indians. I am of late much encouraged from the disposition some individuals express, particularly of the Senecas, and they are very influential characters in that nations. - I am exceedingly sorry that I have not found leisure to transcribe my journal in order to forward by this opportunity, I pray the Honorable Board to have patience with me till the next month if I have been apparently negligent in this instance. As I am obliged to return to Oneida and my want of money is pressing, I have directed by Son Thornton to be the bearer of this to you; by him you will be so kind as to send me the consideration for the above mentioned extra expenditures. I should be very happy in paying my respects to the board in person and am very desirous of an interview with them; but I apprehend it will not be consistent with my situation and the state of things among the Indians, at least sooner than next May or June. My journey to Philadelphia at this time has very much deranged my plan of business for this winter particularly that of translating and composing some Psalms etc. into the Indian language, which are exceedingly wanted, likewise the making further preparations for the moving my family into the vicinity of Oneida, which must now be deferred till the ensuing summer or autumn. I have concluded by leave of Providence to move my motherless children into the wilderness where I may be able to pay some attention to them, which prosecuting the business of my mission. It is exceedingly difficult in their present situation to discharge the duty I owe them and pursue the great objects of my mission with that application, which is desirable and necessary. They must either remove to me or I come to them and leave the Indians, and the situation of the Indians is such and their expectations from me, that I had rather sink half my interest than relinquish my mission at present. My friends are divided in their opinions respecting the propriety and expediency of moving my family. May I have that wisdom, which is profitable to direct and be enabled so to commit my ways to the Lord that he may direct my steps. With sentiments of high esteem and sincere affection, I am, Reverend and Dear Sir Your obedient humble Servant Samuel Kirkland P.S. Upon reading over my letter I find that soon after I began I insensibly slid into a freedom of expression more consonant to the ideas of unintentional friend than an official character. The only apology I can make is that the character of the person to whom I was writing, naturally led to that freedom. You will please, Sir, to suppress any personalities in it which you may think unnecessary or unsuitable to communicate to the Board. Show less
Recently returned from Philadelphia, where several Seneca chiefs met with Congress. Knows of no schoolmaster for the new Indian Schools. Suggests that the LBCB consult with Crosby. Apologizes for laxness in submitting journals. Kirkland family may join Samuel Kirkland in the wilderness.
Kirkland 137f Copy of letter from Samuel Kirkland to Reverend Mr. Thacher Stockbridge 24th June 1791 Reverend and dear Sir I acknowledge your favor by my son, dated the 15th Instant and thank you for the attention you paid to him, and the ready dispatch you gave to the business, with which he was interested. My Journey to Albany, has proved in a great measure fruitless, as to the object I had so much at heart. Instead of meeting with Captain Brant , the noted Mohawk Chief, agreeably to my expect Show moreKirkland 137f Copy of letter from Samuel Kirkland to Reverend Mr. Thacher Stockbridge 24th June 1791 Reverend and dear Sir I acknowledge your favor by my son, dated the 15th Instant and thank you for the attention you paid to him, and the ready dispatch you gave to the business, with which he was interested. My Journey to Albany, has proved in a great measure fruitless, as to the object I had so much at heart. Instead of meeting with Captain Brant , the noted Mohawk Chief, agreeably to my expectations and repeated encouragements I had the mortification to be informed, that he had gone to the southward, and had set out from Niagara some days before my last letters had arrived there. However he went, professedly, in character of a Counselor, and upon repeated solicitations from the southern Indians - and his friends at Niagara said, his return there, was daily expected. Notwithstanding, common fame, says he went to the southward with hostile intentions - from the many and long conversations we have had upon the subject, I cannot relinquish the idea, of his being friendly to an accommodation, and that He will use his influence to bring about an amicable settlement, betwixt the Americans and those Southern Indians if it can be effected with equitable and honorable terms being granted the Indians. - Captain Hendrick, Chief of the Stockbridge Tribe, with several others of his own Nation, accompanied by Good Peter of the Oneidas have set out, on an Embassy to the Miamis Miamis and other hostile tribes in that vicinity. - Their object, is to effect a cessation of hostilities till such time as both parties can have a fair hearing and the grounds of uneasiness etc be inquired into. - Had they gone two or three months ago I should have entertained sanguine expectations that the cause of humanity would be greatly promoted by the Embassy. I fear the die is cast for the present summer, and desolation will spread through those defenseless parts of our frontiers and many innocent persons, fall helpless victims to savage barbarity. - I am glad to hear you have written to Mr. Crosby , on the subject of a mission to the Genesee. You Observe, in your letter "that had Mr. Sergeant and I agreed on the places where it was proper to fix the schools, there would have been no difficulty in its being done and that more than a year ago you wrote us both, requesting us to agree together and give you information". I recollect no letter from you containing such a request earlier than the one I received in December last dated October and I was then at the distance of a hundred and fifty miles from Mr. Sergeant . However as soon as my situation admitted I immediately answered that letter and gave all the light I could upon the subject, particularly in respect to the Senecas Country - and, if I forget not, mentioned my intention of writing more largely upon the subject with Mr. Sergeant ; more especially in regard to Oneida and its vicinity where he was acquainted. We agreed as to the places, where it would be most advisable to set up the Schools - which were Kanonwarohare or the neighborhood of Oneida for one and for the other in the Senecas Country - although he had no knowledge of their local situation numbers or disposition yet he grounded his judgment upon the facts I had related in my Journals which are in the possession of the Board or Corporation of Harvard College. - We farther agreed, to meet at my house for the purpose of jointly giving the above information to the Board. - but unfortunately when the time proposed drew near he was on a journey and could tarry only a few moments. We then concluded that each of us would write what we had agreed upon together at our last conference, which I directly did and supposed he had done the same. I also mentioned to him, the plan, I had been long digesting for a school to be erected in Indian Country or its vicinity to be more extensively useful and which might promise some general good to the Indians - he also approved of that, could it be effected. I would not willingly neglect to give the Board proper and explicit information; much less would I give them reason to suppose that any alienation of affection between Mr. Sergeant and me might occasion my not doing it exactly after the manner they desired; between Mr. Sergeant and me might occasion my not doing it exactly after the manner they desired; of the case I believe is quite the reverse. - I have a cordial and sincere affection for my Brother Sergeant and do every thing in my power to render his life easy and his mission successful. - I had not any apprehension till now, that there was any difficulty in the minds of the Honorable Board about the places for the Indian Schools for want of further information, but supposed the great difficulty and labouring point that remained was to find suitable persons to teach them. Pardon haste permit me to subscribe myself with every sentiment of Respect and real esteem Reverend Sir, Your obedient and humble Servant S. Kirkland Reverend Mr. Thacher Secretary Board of Commissioners Show less
Met with the Indians concerning the final status of reservations. Heard from Colonel Butler. Asks Phillips to accommodate J.T. Kirkland for another year.
Since his resignation of his office, Samuel Kirkland admits to the Board that he has undergone many misfortunes of monetary concern. He asks the Society for some relief. He explains that he resigned because he thought the Society wanted him to do so. In addition, he believed he could live on his own without the Society's stipend, especially working for the Corporation of Harvard College. However, it is not the case, and he feels that in his old age the Society could help him financially in recognition of all his hard work in earlier years.